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GDPR Compliance Risk

OneDrive is a US-based service subject to the CLOUD Act. EU organizations using this service risk non-compliance with GDPR data transfer requirements.

OneDrive logo

GDPR-Compliant Alternative to OneDrive

🇺🇸Microsoft · US-based · Subject to CLOUD Act

OneDrive is a cloud storage service provided by Microsoft, designed to store and manage files online. It allows users to back up photos and videos automatically, collaborate on documents in real-time, and recover files through version history. OneDrive integrates seamlessly with Microsoft 365 applications, offering a cohesive experience for users familiar with the Microsoft ecosystem. It includes a Personal Vault for added security of sensitive files and offers file sharing with customizable permissions. Offline access to synced files is also available, ensuring users can work without an internet connection. Primarily used by individuals, businesses, and educational institutions, OneDrive caters to those seeking integrated cloud storage solutions within the Microsoft environment. It is important to note that OneDrive is a US-based service, and user data is stored in the United States, subject to US data laws such as the CLOUD Act and FISA 702. OneDrive offers a tiered pricing model, including a free tier with limited storage and paid plans that provide additional storage and features.

Why You Need a GDPR-Compliant Alternative to OneDrive

Since the landmark Schrems II ruling in 2020, transferring personal data to US-based services like OneDrive has become a significant legal risk for EU organizations. The US CLOUD Act gives American authorities the power to access data held by US companies, regardless of where that data is physically stored — even if it's in an EU data center.

While the EU-US Data Privacy Framework (DPF) adopted in 2023 provides a new legal basis for transfers, privacy experts and legal scholars have raised concerns about its long-term viability. The framework could face the same fate as its predecessors (Safe Harbor and Privacy Shield), both of which were struck down by the Court of Justice of the EU.

For organizations that want to eliminate compliance risk entirely, switching to a European-based cloud storage is the most straightforward solution. Below are the best GDPR-compliant alternatives to OneDrive, all headquartered in Europe with data stored in EU data centers.

CLOUD Act Exposure

US authorities can access your data stored by OneDrive, even if servers are located in Europe.

GDPR Fine Risk

Non-compliant data transfers can result in fines up to 4% of annual global revenue under GDPR Article 83.

EU Alternative Available

4 GDPR-compliant European alternatives available with full EU data residency.

4 GDPR-Compliant Alternatives to OneDrive

European services with full GDPR compliance and EU data residency

Nextcloud logo

Nextcloud

🇩🇪

Nextcloud is a self-hosted cloud storage solution designed to provide secure and compliant data management for individuals and organizations. It offers end-to-end encryption for files, ensuring that your data remains private and protected. With GDPR-compliant data processing, Nextcloud is an ideal choice for those prioritizing data sovereignty and privacy, especially within the European Union. Key features include version control for file revisions, collaborative document editing, and two-factor authentication support, making it a robust tool for both personal and professional use. The platform is extensible with third-party apps, allowing users to customize their experience according to their needs. Nextcloud is suitable for businesses, educational institutions, and privacy-conscious individuals who require a reliable and secure cloud storage solution. With cross-platform mobile and desktop apps, users can access their data anytime, anywhere. Pricing varies based on the deployment model, with options for both free and enterprise-level support. By hosting data within the EU, Nextcloud ensures compliance with stringent data protection regulations, offering peace of mind to its users.

EU-hostedEU-BasedISO 27001BSI C5GDPR CompliantOpen SourceSelf-HostableEU Ecolabel
freemiumMigration:●●●Several hours to a day depending on data size

Why switch?

  • GDPR compliance ensures EU data privacy standards.
  • Self-hosting offers full control over data storage.
  • Open source allows for customization and transparency.

Consider

  • Migration from OneDrive can be time-consuming.
  • Lacks integration with Microsoft 365 apps.
View DetailsCompareSwitch Guide
Visit Nextcloud
pCloud logo

pCloud

🇨🇭

pCloud is a file hosting service from Switzerland with good prices and with apps for many platforms.

EU-hostedEU-BasedGDPR CompliantSwiss hosted
freemiumMigration:●●●Several hours to a day, depending on data size and internet speed

Why switch?

  • EU-hosted data centers ensure GDPR compliance
  • Client-side encryption enhances data security
  • Lifetime storage plans reduce long-term costs

Consider

  • Migration from OneDrive may require manual effort
  • No integration with Microsoft 365 apps
View DetailsCompareSwitch Guide
Visit pCloud
Infomaniak kDrive logo

Infomaniak kDrive

🇨🇭

Infomaniak kDrive is a robust cloud storage solution designed to meet the needs of individuals and teams seeking secure and efficient file management. With its GDPR-compliant data handling and end-to-end encryption, kDrive ensures that your files are stored safely within EU-based data centers, offering peace of mind regarding data sovereignty and privacy. Key features include version history for easy file recovery, collaboration tools for seamless teamwork, and automatic file backups to prevent data loss. kDrive supports cross-platform synchronization, allowing users to access their files from any device, anywhere. Secure sharing links with expiration dates further enhance the safety of shared documents. Ideal for businesses, freelancers, and anyone prioritizing data privacy, kDrive provides a reliable and secure environment for storing and managing files. The pricing model is flexible, catering to different storage needs without compromising on security or compliance. With its focus on privacy and EU hosting, kDrive stands out as a trustworthy choice for those who value data protection and regulatory adherence.

EU-hostedEU-BasedGreen HostingGDPR CompliantSwiss hosted
subscriptionMigration:●●●Several hours to a day depending on data size and internet speed

Why switch?

  • GDPR compliance ensures EU data protection standards.
  • Swiss data centers offer strong privacy laws.
  • End-to-end encryption enhances file security.

Consider

  • Migration from OneDrive may require manual effort.
  • Learning curve for new collaboration tools.
View DetailsCompareSwitch Guide
Visit Infomaniak kDrive
Koofr logo

Koofr

🌍

Koofr is a safe, reliable, and user-friendly file hosting service from Slovenia with open-source, zero-knowledge encryption Koofr Vault add-on.

ISO 27001EU-hostedEU-BasedGDPR CompliantOpen Source
freemiumMigration:●●●Several hours to a day depending on data size and internet speed

Why switch?

  • Koofr offers zero-knowledge encryption for privacy.
  • EU servers ensure GDPR compliance for data protection.
  • Open-source nature allows for transparency and trust.

Consider

  • Koofr lacks real-time document collaboration features.
  • Migration from OneDrive may require manual file transfers.
View DetailsCompareSwitch Guide
Visit Koofr

Quick GDPR Compliance Comparison

ServiceHQ LocationGDPR NativeEU Data CentersCLOUD Act FreePricing
🇺🇸OneDrive
United StatesNoPartialNo-
🇩🇪NextcloudDEYesYesYesfreemium
🇨🇭pCloudCHYesYesYesfreemium
🇨🇭Infomaniak kDriveCHYesYesYessubscription
🌍KoofrSIYesYesYesfreemium

Frequently Asked Questions

Is OneDrive GDPR compliant?

OneDrive is a US-based service operated by Microsoft. While it may have some GDPR compliance measures, as a US company it is subject to the CLOUD Act, which allows US authorities to access data stored by US companies regardless of where the data is physically located. This creates a fundamental conflict with GDPR requirements for data protection.

What are the GDPR risks of using OneDrive?

The main GDPR risks include: (1) Data transfers to the US may lack adequate protection since the Schrems II ruling invalidated Privacy Shield, (2) US authorities can demand access under the CLOUD Act, (3) Your organization may face GDPR fines up to 4% of annual revenue for non-compliant data transfers, and (4) User consent may not be sufficient to legitimize transfers given the systematic access by US authorities.

What are the best GDPR-compliant alternatives to OneDrive?

The top GDPR-compliant alternatives to OneDrive include Nextcloud, pCloud, Infomaniak kDrive. These European services store your data in EU data centers and are fully subject to GDPR protections.

How do I migrate from OneDrive to a GDPR-compliant alternative?

Most migrations involve three steps: (1) Export your data from OneDrive using their data export tools, (2) Create an account with your chosen EU alternative, and (3) Import your data into the new service. We provide detailed migration guides for each alternative to make the switch as smooth as possible.

Can EU companies legally use OneDrive?

Since the Schrems II ruling (2020), EU organizations face significant legal risk when using US cloud services like OneDrive. While the EU-US Data Privacy Framework (2023) provides a new legal basis, its long-term stability is uncertain. Many EU data protection authorities recommend using EU-based alternatives to avoid compliance risks entirely.

Other GDPR Alternatives in Cloud Storage

GDPR Alternative to DropboxGDPR Alternative to AWSGDPR Alternative to Google DriveGDPR Alternative to iCloudGDPR Alternative to Box

Related Pages

Migration Resources

Some links on this page are affiliate links. We may earn a commission if you make a purchase, at no extra cost to you. This helps support our mission to promote European alternatives. Our recommendations are based on objective criteria.

Last updated: January 26, 2026